Herzegovina is one of the top regions in B&H, and as we know, among the top regions in the EU, according to the installation of very powerful energy sources and energy and potential that has not been used as such. The current strength of the energy system is in the production of hydroelectric power, with great experience and tradition, then the proven power management and satisfactory infrastructure. Hydroelectric energy is a renewable resource and clean way of producing electricity. As confirmation of the power system in Herzegovina is the fact that a part of electricity is exported. Opportunities in this sector are great and the fulfillment of certain preconditions may strongly participate in the strategic economic development of the region. Among the greatest opportunities can be included increase of electricity export, then to develop and build a new alternative energy sources using wind and sun, which could strongly contribute to the development of SMEs in the region. Of course, the comparative advantages of regions in terms of energy compared to the immediate and wider environment should be maximized.